Buturlino

Buturlino is an urban-type settlement on the Pyana River, the administrative center of Buturlinsky Municipal Okrug in Nizhny Novgorod Region ^[3]. It stands in the central part of the okrug, 121 kilometers southeast of Nizhny Novgorod, near the Smagino railway station on the Moscow–Kazan line ^[1][3][4]. The settlement's beginning is dated to 1552, when Ivan IV granted lands along the Pyana to the boyar and voivode Fyodor Ivanovich Buturlin; the village was named after its owner's surname ^[1][3][4]. Buturlino was a selo (a larger village) until December 1977, when it was reclassified as an urban-type settlement ^[2][4]. At the 2020 census it had 6,906 residents — more than half of the okrug's population ^[9].

Where the settlement stands

Buturlino lies in the southeastern part of Nizhny Novgorod Region, in the middle of its okrug. The okrug borders the Gaginsky, Shatkovsky, Perevozsky, Bolshemurashkinsky, Sergachsky, and Knyagininsky neighbors; it is 121 kilometers to Nizhny Novgorod ^[3]. The 1993 local-history dictionary by Nikolay Morokhin gives the distance as 120 kilometers and describes Buturlino briefly: a worker settlement on the Pyana near Smagino station on the Moscow–Kazan railway, with seven thousand inhabitants, the center of a district covering 1.1 thousand square kilometers ^[4].

The location is an elevated right bank: the terrain is hilly and ridged, deeply cut by ravines, with gray and light-gray forest soils, loamy and sandy loam. The climate is moderately continental: the average annual temperature is +3.4 °C, about −12 °C in January and about +19 °C in July, with 500–550 millimeters of precipitation a year ^[2].

The Pyana winds especially sharply in these parts — it crosses the Buturlino okrug twice, as it does the neighboring Perevozsky one; a settlement beach has been set up near Naberezhnaya Street ^[5][34]. The meandering continues downstream, between Buturlino and Akuzovo, where the karst is less pronounced than in the upper reaches ^[34]. In Russian history the river is known above all for the Battle of the Pyana of 1377 ^[34].

Smagino Station stands on the western edge of the settlement, on Pristantsionnaya Street; it lies on the Arzamas–Shumerlya line of the Gorky Railway, part of the route to Kazan ^[4][20]. The bus station on Lenin Street serves intercity and suburban routes; buses to Nizhny Novgorod depart from the Scherbinki bus terminal, and the trip takes about two hours ^[5][23].

The name and the first owners

More than a thousand years ago the banks of the Pyana were settled by tribes from which the Mordva later emerged; tradition holds that before Buturlino there stood on this spot a settlement called Tesh Mordovsky ^[1]. By the 1550s–1570s the Mordvin population here had thinned out: the area lay open to the steppe and was entirely unprotected, raids by the Kazan Tatars and the Nogais ravaged the settlements, and the Mordva moved farther east — toward Arzamas and beyond. It is no accident that the surroundings of Arzamas and Ardatov are called "Tish" or "Utishye" ("the Quiet Land") in old documents ^[1].

In 1552, after the Russian army's campaign against Kazan, Ivan IV granted the lands along the Pyana to his companion-in-arms, the boyar and voivode Fyodor Ivanovich Buturlin. Thus a Russian selo (a larger village), named after its owner's surname, appeared among the Mordvin settlements ^[1][3]. The popular names of the parts of Buturlino still preserve the memory of the earlier settlements that later merged into it: Kargala, Ketarsha, Yerzovka, and Bazino ^[1][5].

Russian colonization and Christianization of these lands began, and the Mordvins continued to leave. A document of the time speaks of this bluntly ^[1].

The earliest written mention of Buturlino dates to 1599 and appears in the Arzamas Land-Grant Records. The historian Leonid Kapterev, in his book "The Nizhny Novgorod Volga Region of the 10th–16th Centuries," linked the village's emergence specifically to the distribution of estates after the capture of Kazan, and the people of Buturlino count their years from 1552 ^[4].

From the Zapyanye Mordvins, no quitrent money can be collected from the arrears, because those Mordvins have scattered and there is no one from whom to collect it…

the voivode Fyodor Ivanovich Buturlin founded Buturlino on land granted to him along the Pyana River

Cadastral Books, Boyars, and Potash

Buturlino was fortunate in its documents: information about the village is held in the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts (fond 1209, book 7042), and census books for Arzamas Uyezd have survived, along with a fragment of the "Book of Survey and Faith of Ignatiy Zubov and Associates" — a whole century, from 1585 to 1677. The cadastral books of 1621, 1646, and 1677 list all the village's inhabitants along with their children, though only the male ones ^[1].

Nicknames were recorded alongside names — not everywhere were they entered in the books. Sometimes a nickname indicated a trade; sometimes it came from a father or grandfather and was already almost a surname ^[1].

In the second quarter of the 17th century the village had about seven hundred inhabitants. R. F. Bobarykin became its owner, and from the middle of the century part of Buturlino's lands passed to the boyar Boris Ivanovich Morozov. He combined landholding with trade and industry: at his "budny stans" (forest potash-making camps) he produced potash — an alkali used in soap-making and in glass, leather, and cloth production. From his maydans (potash-making sites), Morozov obtained 80,000–90,000 poods of potash a year, nearly half of all that was produced in Rus', and sold it to England and Holland ^[1].

Nature paid dearly for this: for every hundred barrels of potash of three hundred poods each, three hundred sazhens of firewood had to be cut, and centuries-old oak groves were cleared completely. Rivers and lakes ran shallow, and wildlife dwindled. But there were still plenty of fish in the Pyana, judging by the orders the boyar sent to his stewards in the Buturlino area ^[1].

From the same source came the instruction "in the Pyana River … to catch crayfish and take out of those crayfish the crayfish gastroliths…and send those gastroliths to Moscow," and every order ended with a threat ^[1].

Many people were needed for the potash trade; peasants were pulled away from the land, and their farms fell into decline. The laborers ran away and rebelled, and were punished harshly. The peasants of Buturlino joined the ataman Maksim Osipov, who had appeared in Murashkino and was a right-hand man of Stepan Razin ^[1].

• "Ofanasey Yerofeyev, son of Kharchevnik" — a nickname from his trade
• "Petrushka Danilov, nicknamed Primershchik" — from his occupation
• "Potapka Semyonov with his brother Timoshka, nicknamed Skomorokhov" — from their father's trade
• Ovchinnikov — a furrier, Gorshok — probably a potter
• Serov, Ushakov, Rastorguyev, Skorumov — nicknames that became surnames

…the sterlets should be larger than an arshin…, and the breams likewise an arshin less two vershoks, and the tench ¾ of an arshin

…and should you not be diligent on my behalf…you will face severe punishment from me

The Uyezd, Unrest, and Reforms

The entire 18th century on Buturlino land passed amid peasant unrest; 1774 was an especially rebellious year, and the reprisals for the revolts were cruel. Alarmed by the scale of the peasant movement, Catherine II carried out an administrative reform in 1779, and the Buturlino lands became part of the newly formed Knyaginino Uyezd ^[1].

The War of 1812 took the best men away from Buturlino. Some of them joined the 4th Infantry Militia Regiment, which was being formed in Knyaginino and which took part in the liberation of Europe in 1813 ^[1].

The stone Church of St. Sergius with a bell tower was built in the village with parishioners' funds in 1837; the main altar was consecrated in 1844, and side chapels of Elijah the Prophet and Nicholas the Wonderworker were set up in the refectory section ^[4][18]. The former website of the district administration dates the construction to 1839 ^[1]. The building had no stoves, and from the Feast of the Protection of the Theotokos (Pokrov) until Easter, people prayed in the heated refectory, dividing the church with a partition; the number of parishioners grew from year to year, and the refectory was cramped ^[4]. Besides the Sergievsky church, Buturlino had a "field" cemetery church built in 1815 — older than the main church; at the village's two cemeteries, old and new, there were memorial chapels. The parish consisted not only of Buturlino residents but also of peasants from the neighboring villages of Otkosnaya and Filippova: as of 1911 it counted 228 households, 912 men, and 980 women ^[4].

The peasant reform of 1861 opened a new page here as well. In the first decades after it, the peasants became severely impoverished, and the files of the land captain on deferrals of redemption payments retained a direct explanation — the crop-failure years of the early 1890s ^[1].

People made their living from auxiliary crafts — weaving, blacksmithing, cooperage, and others, for their own use and for sale; the surrounding area also had matting, pottery, leatherworking, and carpentry trades ^[1][5]. As early as the late 1870s a zemstvo hospital was opened in Buturlino, and in the 1880s a church-parish school ^[1][21].

Arrears accumulated mainly because of the grain crop failures of 1891–1893. To petition for the granting of an installment plan over 8 years

Trading village

By the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, Buturlino, the seat of a volost (rural district), had become a notable trading center. Every Tuesday the central square turned into a bazaar, and on June 23 each year a yarmarka (trade fair) opened, drawing merchants from Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, and Samara ^[1]. The Morokhin dictionary defines the selo (a larger village) in just this way: "It was a trading selo" ^[4].

Large landholdings were held by the Chemizov landowners, and the Khrenovs, Shcherbakovs, Silantyevs, Maslovs, and Yezhovs rose from among the well-off peasants. In front of the volost administration building stood a monument to Alexander II ^[1].

In the first years of the century a post office opened in Buturlino, in 1910 the telegraph began operating, and somewhat later the telephone. In 1914 the construction of the railway was completed; the station was located on land belonging to the landowner V. M. Chemizova, and it was named Smagino because the Chemizovs' Smagino lands had been given over to the construction. The proprietress managed to overcome the resistance of the railway's opponents — and villages and towns bypassed by the railway often fell into decline ^[1].

In 1916 Buturlino had 1,300 inhabitants and 210 residential houses ^[1]. The area also lived off migrant labor: in the first third of the 20th century there were 2,800 Buturlino otkhodniks (seasonal migrant workers). A third of them (32.9%) went as unskilled laborers to the Volga and Astrakhan fisheries, 1.4% were carpenters and river workers; many worked as carters, and quite a few went into service as yard-keepers and domestic servants. Buturlino people worked as asphalt layers, loaders, carpenters, and diggers in Moscow, Nizhny, and Baku, and returned home bringing not only money but also new views ^[1].

The imperialist war, crop failures, shortages of seed and the unsown fields of 1912, the high price of bread, typhus and smallpox — the revolution came to a half-dead selo ^[1].

The Soviet Years

In December 1917 the 1st Peasant Congress was convened in the uyezd (county), which adopted a decision on Soviet power; the elections to the executive committee passed peacefully, because there were no representatives of political parties at the congress, and this executive committee governed the uyezd until July 1918. In May 1918 a peasant revolt broke out in Buturlino, provoked by the Socialist Revolutionaries: there were casualties among the Red Army soldiers, and an attempt was even made to burn the bridge over the Pyana, but the Red Army soldiers entered the selo and imposed martial law. Power passed to the volost executive committee of the Soviets of Workers', Peasants', and Soldiers' Deputies, with the Petrograd worker and Communist V. I. Kochetkov as its first chairman ^[1].

Communist Party and Komsomol organizations appeared in the selo, and thirty literacy centers operated in the volost. Buturlino itself was divided into three land societies, whose names echoed the former parts of the selo: "Strelka" (the former Yerzovka), "Trud" (the center), and "Otradnoye" (the former Kargala) ^[1].

From 1921, with the introduction of the NEP, private trade and small-scale production developed in the selo — mills, oil presses, bakeries, hide dressing, brickmaking. About thirty villagers engaged in trade and production: A. M. Kiselyov made sieves, riddles, and sickles, Bobrov and Kobyakov made sausages, and Mironov kept a bakery ^[1][2].

Buturlinsky District was formed in 1929: on January 14, by a resolution of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, governorates, uyezds, and volosts gave way to regions and districts, and on June 30 the first meeting of the presidium of the executive committee of the Buturlinsky District Council took place — this date is considered the district's birthday. At that time, 103 settlements with 64,594 residents stood on 1,400 square kilometers ^[1][2][4]. In 1962 the district was abolished, with its village councils transferred to the Perevozsky and Sergachsky Districts, and in 1965 it was born anew ^[1]. The administrative status of Buturlino itself changed in December 1977: the selo was reclassified as a workers' settlement ^[2][4].

More than ten thousand people from Buturlinsky District went to the front in the Great Patriotic War, and 4,446 of them did not return; three hundred women from Buturlino also served. Six fellow countrymen were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, and three became full cavaliers of the Order of Glory ^[1].

The district newspaper "Kolkhoznaya Pravda" printed, in almost every issue, the names of those who donated savings, grain, and clothing to the defense fund. These funds paid for the "Valery Chkalov" squadron, the "Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya" airplane, and the tanks "Gorky Komsomol Member," "Collective Farm Youth," "Buturlino Collective Farmer," "Pioneer," and "Buturlino Draft-Age Youth." The villagers helped the hospital, which occupied the building of what is now Buturlino Secondary School ^[1].

Population

The selo grew slowly and by 1916 had barely passed a thousand inhabitants. Real growth came in the 1960s and 1970s, when Buturlino became a district center with a full complement of institutions: in the eleven years between the 1959 and 1970 censuses, its population nearly doubled ^[1][14][15].

After that the curve ran smoothly: a peak in 2002, a decline by 2010, a return to almost seven thousand in 2020. Meanwhile the district as a whole is losing people — 14,471 residents in 2010, 13,237 in 2020, 12,910 at the start of 2024 — while the settlement holds steady: more than half of the district's population lives there, and that share is growing ^[9][10][16].

A District Turned Okrug

On April 23, 2020, the Legislative Assembly of Nizhny Novgorod Region, meeting remotely, passed a package of laws converting eleven districts into municipal okrugs. Under the Buturlino law, the urban-type settlement of Buturlino and the selsoviets of Bolshebakaldsky, Kamenishchensky, Kochunovsky, Uvarovsky, and Yagubovsky were merged into the Buturlinsky Municipal Okrug; a transition period until December 31, 2020, was set aside for elections and the formation of new government bodies ^[6].

The laws were signed on April 29, 2020; on the same day, the regional law on administrative centers was also amended, listing all eleven converted entities — Balakhninsky, Bogorodsky, Buturlinsky, Vadsky, Diveyevsky, Koverninsky, Lyskovsky, Pavlovsky, Pochinkovsky, Tonshaevsky, and Urensky ^[7]. The okrug's boundaries remained the same as the district's, and the center remained the same settlement ^[23].

The Charter of the Buturlinsky Municipal Okrug was adopted by the Council of Deputies on April 12, 2021, by Decision No. 25; the Main Directorate of the Russian Ministry of Justice for Nizhny Novgorod Region registered it on May 25, 2021, under number RU527110002021001, and the charter came into force upon its official publication ^[8].

Today Buturlino is home to the okrug administration and the Council of Deputies, the military commissariat of the Buturlinsky and Vadsky municipal okrugs and the Perevozsky urban okrug, a client service office of the pension agency, and a state fire inspection office ^[3][35].

Economy

The industries named as the main ones for Buturlino and the okrug are food processing, mining, woodworking, and agriculture ^[2][5]. The shares of the first two can be seen in the reports: in 2005, food processing accounted for 55.8% of industrial output, mining for 41.7%, and other industries for 2.5%; in the first half of 2009, food processing accounted for 61.2%, mining for 35.7%, and other industries for 3.1% ^[2][32].

The okrug's mineral resources are primarily building stone: two deposits of limestone and dolomite, sand, brick raw materials, expanded-clay clay, gypsum and anhydrite, and sapropel. The extracted dolomite is used for roads, buildings, and other structures ^[2]. The okrug's largest industrial enterprise is the crushed-stone quarry in the selo of Kamenishchi (a larger village): in 2007 it accounted for 64% of shipments ^[2].

The food-processing sector consisted of the cannery in Bolshiye Bakaldy, a dairy plant, a bakery, and the Buturlino district consumer cooperative (raipo) with its bread and sausages; in the first half of 2009 the district produced 693 tons of bread and baked goods, 71.2 tons of sausages and semi-finished meat products, 1,435 tubs of canned vegetables and fruit, 47 tons of dairy products, and 218.8 thousand cubic meters of crushed stone ^[2][32].

Agriculture in the district specializes in milk and grain, and there is a poultry farm. In 2007 the district ranked fourth in the Region for gross grain harvest and fifth for milk ^[2]. In 2021 the Region's Ministry of Agriculture named OOO Buturlinskoye Zerno the second-largest milk producer in the region, with 17.4 thousand tons a year ^[28].

The settlement itself lives chiefly by serving the district. It has the Buturlino Central District Hospital on Lenin Street ^[36], an agricultural technical college on Komsomolskaya Street that became the center of vocational education of the Perevoz Construction College ^[37], the V. I. Kazakov secondary school and the N. V. Sutyagin basic school, four kindergartens, a children's art school, an inter-settlement library system, the district Palace of Culture, a local history museum, a motor transport enterprise, and the editorial office of the newspaper "Buturlinskaya Zhizn" on Sportivnaya Street ^[26][29].

How the district center was being improved can be seen from the 2007 report: the road along Novaya and Mira streets was rebuilt from scratch — 800 meters for 1.5 million rubles — 200 meters of sidewalks were laid, fences were installed on Lenin, Sportivnaya, Militsiyskaya, Mira, Sovetskaya, and Bazinskaya streets, two playgrounds and a hockey rink were built, and building facades were repaired. In the Region's landscaping and improvement competition the district took second place that year and received a certificate for 7 million rubles ^[2].

What to see

The center of the settlement is a square with the administration building, a fountain, and the mansion that houses the museum ^[1][17].

The Buturlino Museum of History and Local Lore was founded on December 22, 1971, and occupies the house of Nikolay and Maria Silantyev, who traded in yarn and wool: the Silantyev surname also appears in the list of well-off peasant families of pre-revolutionary Buturlino ^[1][5][17]. The house was built in the provincial classical style; it is dated to 1894, while the register of "places of memory" dates it to the 1880s ^[4][17]. Two floors and six rooms are given over to the exhibition, which covers everything from prehistoric fossils to the present day ^[17].

The Sergievskaya Church on Lenin Street is a typical 19th-century "ship"-type church, in which all the structures are stretched out in a single line: a low bell tower with a spire and a cross, and a main dome without a light drum ^[5][18]. In 1937, after the arrest of the last priest, Hieromonk Anatoly Tsvetkov (1882–1937), the church was closed; during the war and afterward it housed a primary school, and in 1958–1959 the bell tower, dome, and front wall were torn down and the building was rebuilt as a House of Culture — hence its present neoclassical appearance. In 1992 the church was returned to believers, and after restoration it reopened in 1994; work continues to this day ^[4][5][18].

The monument to the founder of the village stands in the center of Buturlino, on Lenin Street, and was erected for the 460th anniversary of the settlement ^[5][19].

The station building at Smagino station on Pristantsionnaya Street was built to the standard design for a 4th-class station by the architect Alexey Shchusev — the same architect who built Kazansky Railway Station in Moscow and the stations along the entire Moscow–Kazan Railway ^[5][20].

On the outskirts, a zemstvo hospital building from the late 1870s has survived: in Soviet times the hospital moved into new premises, and the old one now houses a cafe ^[21]. In the same place, on Lenin Street, there is the "Bon" equestrian club, which teaches horse riding and keeps a Soviet Heavy Draft horse, one of the largest horse breeds, developed in Pochinki ^[5].

Next to the former hospital stands something of a completely different kind: a "car Christmas tree" — a twelve-meter metal pole concreted four meters into the ground, with cars strung onto it from bottom to top. The vehicles were lightened and reinforced from the inside with frames; the installation belongs to a metal trading company and serves as its signboard ^[22].

Among the village's sports facilities is the Fakel stadium not far from the square; the bus station and the sports school building were opened in 2022, in time for the anniversary ^[23][27].

a stone church with altars: the main (unheated) one dedicated to St. Sergius of Radonezh, and heated side chapels: the right one to the Holy Prophet Elijah, the left one to St. Nicholas the Wonderworker

People

The village's most famous native is the physicist Aleksandr Mikhaylovich Sergeev: he was born in Buturlino on August 2, 1955, graduated from the Radiophysics Faculty of Gorky's Lobachevsky University in 1977, and has worked since that same year at the Institute of Applied Physics in Nizhny Novgorod, where he rose from trainee researcher to director. An academician since 2016, he served as president of the Russian Academy of Sciences from 2017 to 2022 ^[24].

Vasily Ivanovich Kazakov (1898–1968) was born on July 18, 1898, in the village of Filippovo in the Buturlino volost of Knyaginin Uyezd; he became a Marshal of Artillery in 1955 and a Hero of the Soviet Union in 1945 ^[38]. A memorial stele has been erected to him in Filippovo, and in late November and early December the "Buturlino Readings" named after him are held in Buturlino ^[4]. Buturlino Secondary School bears Kazakov's name, and the museum has devoted a "Hall of Military Glory" to him ^[17][26].

Nikolay Vasilyevich Sutyagin (1923–1986) was born on May 5, 1923, in the selo of Smagino — the very place whose lands gave the station its name. A fighter pilot and Hero of the Soviet Union (the title was conferred on October 10, 1951), he later became a Major General of Aviation and an Honored Military Pilot of the USSR ^[25]. Bazinskaya Basic School in Buturlino bears his name, and on June 10, 2013, a museum opened in Smagino as a branch of the Buturlino museum of history and local lore ^[26][30].

The museum's exhibition also includes a hall devoted to another native son — the diplomat Nikolay Ivanovich Kostyunin, born in the selo of Vysokovo, an Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary, Class II ^[17].

The administration maintains the district's List of Honorary Citizens; among those on it are the art historian Mikhail Petrovich Zvantsev, a researcher of Nizhny Novgorod carving and folk art, and the surgeon Vladimir Vasilyevich Kovanov ^[31].

Festivals

On August 30, 2009, Buturlino celebrated the 80th anniversary of the District. Governor Valery Shantsev came to the celebration: he viewed an exhibition of stone-carving craft products and the regional universal fair "Buy Nizhny Novgorod-made," and a local craftsman gave him a master class in artistic stone carving. The governor presented letters of gratitude from the regional government to three residents of the settlement, and three more received letters from the Legislative Assembly ^[32].

In 2022 the settlement marked its 470th anniversary. The celebration ran for three days, August 25 through 27, under the motto "Here lies the memory of history and the grandeur of the spirit": a charitable family cleanup event at the churches, a presentation of the children's book "I Live in Buturlino…," a procession with the Cherry Queen, a car parade, the "Jubilee Run 2022," and the venues "Buturlino Fair," "Cherry Blizzard," and "From Buturlino with Love" in the square by the administration building. During these same days, the buildings of the sports school and the bus station were opened, along with the "Alley of Hope of the Buturlino Land," memorial plaques to native sons, and new museum exhibitions; the first certificates of "Honorary Resident of the Urban-Type Settlement of Buturlino" and "Person of the Year" were also presented ^[27].

I did not know that the work of a stone carver is so hard. Cutting stone requires extensive training and skill

Around the Settlement

The district centered on Buturlino comprises 55 settlements: the urban-type settlement itself, 33 selos (larger villages), 12 villages, and 9 posyolki (small settlements) ^[2]. Of its 110,520 hectares of land, forests cover about 15% (17 thousand hectares, mostly deciduous), and agricultural land accounts for 84.9 thousand hectares, including 61 thousand of arable land ^[2].

Forty-five kilometers to the south lies Bornukovo, where a stone-carving trade developed in the 20th century and an art factory operates: the local anhydrite is called "Bornukovo marble." Nearby is the natural monument of Bornukovo Cave, which was visited as early as Peter Simon Pallas; in 1958, during stone extraction, it was collapsed, and in place of the former cavity two new ones formed, with a large difference in elevation ^[4][5].

The selo of Bolshie Bakaldy is known for its cherry orchards: their origin is traced back to the 17th century and linked to the boyar Morozov. It is also home to the world's only cherry museum and the "Cherry Blizzard" competition ^[5].

Among the district's churches, the Church of St. Nicholas of 1857 in Uvarovo stands out — a tall, forty-meter building dominating the surrounding area — as does the Church of the Sign of 1771 in Ketrosi, the oldest surviving structure in the district; in Tartaley there was the Zvantsev estate, which Ilya Repin visited as a guest ^[3][4][5].

Natural monuments include the karst lakes Karasnoye and Chembasovskoye; local legend derives the name of the latter from Cham-Pas, the supreme deity of the Mordva ^[2][33]. Such names are a trace of the fact that before the Russians the land belonged to the Erzya and other Mordvin tribes: Bornukovo itself is named after the Mordvin first settler Bornuk ^[4].

See also

• Buturlinsky District — the former name and status of the municipal formation
• Pyana River — the river on which the settlement stands
• Battle of the Pyana — the battle of 1377 on the same river
• Sergach, Perevoz, Pilna, Gagino, Bolshoye Boldino — neighboring centers of the Zapyanye area
• Yuri Vsevolodovich — the monument to the prince in the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin by Viktor Purikhov, a native of the Buturlino village of Bornukovo ^[5]

Sources

1. бутурлино.рф — Administration of Buturlino Municipal Okrug — former website, "About the Okrug" section — Urban-type settlement of Buturlino (archive)
2. бутурлино.рф — Administration of Buturlino Municipal Okrug — former website, district overview — Welcome! (archive)
3. buturlino.nobl.ru — Administration of Buturlino Municipal Okrug — official website — About the Okrug (archive)
4. gttp.ru — "Places of Memory" of Nizhny Novgorod Region — local history project by Galina Filimonova — Buturlinsky District on the map of "places of memory" of Nizhny Novgorod Region (archive)
5. nn-tourist.ru — Tourist portal of Nizhny Novgorod Region — Hospitality Agency — Buturlino (archive)
6. NIA "Nizhny Novgorod" — report on the session of the Legislative Assembly on April 23, 2020 — Eleven districts of Nizhny Novgorod Region to be transformed into okrugs (archive)
7. garant.ru — GARANT.RU — review of the regional law (archive)
8. бутурлино.рф — Administration of Buturlino Municipal Okrug — "Charter of the Okrug" section — Charter of Buturlino Okrug (approved by decision of the Council of Deputies of April 12, 2021, No. 25) (archive)
9. rosstat.gov.ru — Rosstat — results of the 2020 All-Russian Population Census, volume 1, table 5 — Population of urban and rural settlements (archive)
10. rosstat.gov.ru — Rosstat — results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census, volume 1, table 5 — Population of districts, urban settlements, and rural settlements (archive)
11. demoscope.ru — Demoscope Weekly — reference book of statistical indicators, 2002 census (archive)
12. demoscope.ru — Demoscope Weekly — reference book of statistical indicators, 1989 census (archive)
13. demoscope.ru — Demoscope Weekly — reference book of statistical indicators, 1979 census (archive)
14. demoscope.ru — Demoscope Weekly — reference book of statistical indicators, 1970 census — Rural population of the RSFSR — residents of rural settlements — district centers (archive)
15. demoscope.ru — Demoscope Weekly — reference book of statistical indicators, 1959 census — Rural population of the RSFSR — residents of rural settlements — district centers (archive)
16. rosstat.gov.ru — Rosstat — bulletin on population by municipal entity — Population of the Russian Federation by municipal entity as of January 1, 2024 (archive)
17. autotravel-nn.ru — Attractions of Nizhny Novgorod Region — Buturlino Museum of History and Local Lore (archive)
18. autotravel-nn.ru — Attractions of Nizhny Novgorod Region — Sergievskaya Church in Buturlino (archive)
19. autotravel-nn.ru — Attractions of Nizhny Novgorod Region — Monument to Fyodor Buturlin in Buturlino (archive)
20. autotravel-nn.ru — Attractions of Nizhny Novgorod Region — Buturlino Railway Station (archive)
21. autotravel-nn.ru — Attractions of Nizhny Novgorod Region — Zemstvo hospital building in Buturlino (archive)
22. autotravel-nn.ru — Attractions of Nizhny Novgorod Region — Christmas tree made of cars in Buturlino (archive)
23. autotravel-nn.ru — Attractions of Nizhny Novgorod Region — overview — Attractions of Buturlino and Buturlinsky District (archive)
24. Kommersant (Volga Region) — biographical note — What Alexander Sergeyev is known for (archive)
25. warheroes.ru — "Heroes of the Country" — biographical reference — Sutyagin Nikolay Vasilyevich (archive)
26. buturlino.nobl.ru — Administration of Buturlino Municipal Okrug — official website — Educational institutions (archive)
27. buturlino.nobl.ru — Administration of Buturlino Municipal Okrug — press release — On the anniversary of the founding of the urban-type settlement of Buturlino
28. бутурлинскаяжизнь.рф — newspaper of Buturlino Municipal Okrug, No. 5 (16648), February 4, 2022 — "Buturlino Grain" among the leaders
29. buturlino.nobl.ru — Administration of Buturlino Municipal Okrug — official website — Subordinate organizations (archive)
30. autotravel-nn.ru — Attractions of Nizhny Novgorod Region — N. V. Sutyagin Museum (archive)
31. buturlino.nobl.ru — Administration of Buturlino Municipal Okrug — official website — Honorary citizens (archive)
32. Vremya N — report of August 31, 2009 — V. Shantsev has mastered a new profession (archive)
33. бутурлино.рф — Administration of Buturlino Municipal Okrug — former website, list of materials in the "About the Okrug" section (archive)
34. бутурлино.рф — Administration of Buturlino Municipal Okrug — former website, "About the Okrug" section — The Pyana is the most winding river in the world (archive)
35. buturlino.nobl.ru — Administration of Buturlino Municipal Okrug — official website — Territorial bodies (archive)
36. butcrb.ru — State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of Nizhny Novgorod Region "Buturlino Central District Hospital" — official website — Buturlino Central District Hospital
37. buttex.wixsite.com — State Budgetary Vocational Educational Institution "Buturlino Agricultural Technical College" — official website — Basic information
38. marshalkazakov.ru — Memorial website of Marshal of Artillery V. I. Kazakov — Brief biography (archive)