The October Revolution was an armed uprising in Petrograd on 25–26 October (7–8 November, New Style) 1917, in the course of which the Provisional Government was overthrown and Soviet power was established. In Soviet historiography it bore the official name "Great October Socialist Revolution"; in Russian and foreign scholarship the names "October Coup," "Bolshevik Coup," and "Red October" are also used.[1]
Course of Events
Direct leadership of the uprising was carried out by the Military Revolutionary Committee of the Petrograd Soviet. The principal organizers were Lenin, Leon Trotsky, Sverdlov, Vladimir Antonov-Ovseyenko, Pavel Dybenko, Lev Kamenev, Nikolai Podvoisky, and others. Power passed to a government formed by the Bolsheviks (the Council of People's Commissars) and supported by the Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets, most of whose delegates belonged to the RSDLP)(b) and its allied Left Socialist-Revolutionaries. In November 1917 the new government was also supported by the Extraordinary Congress of Peasant Deputies. Historiography regards the revolution either as an independent event or as a continuation of the The February Revolution of the same year.[1]
Consequences
As a result of the revolution the country's socio-economic order changed radically: a course was set toward building a socialist society, global changes occurred in the system of international relations, and revolutionary and national-liberation movements accelerated in many countries.[1]
Nizhny Novgorod Context
The revolution fundamentally affected the Nizhny Novgorod (Gorky) Krai.[2] According to the recollections of participants in the events, published in the newspaper Nizhegorodskaya Kommuna in 1923, power in Nizhny Novgorod passed to the Soviets after a rally of soldiers and Red Guard units: detachments of the revolutionary committee seized the post office, the telegraph, and the printing house of the Nizhegorodsky Listok, and the officer cadets surrendered without resistance.[2][2] According to the recollections of participants in the events, published in the newspaper Nizhegorodskaya Kommuna in 1923, power in Nizhny Novgorod passed to the Soviets after a rally of soldiers and Red Guard units: detachments of the revolutionary committee seized the post office, the telegraph, and the printing house of the Nizhegorodsky Listok, and the officer cadets surrendered without resistance.[2] Merchant and industrial families lost their property: in particular, the Bashkirov family — owners of large Volga (disambiguation) and Oka rivers — lost all their accumulated property, houses, and monetary capital after the revolution.[1] The revolution gave impetus to the economic development of the forested districts of the northeast of the guberniya: the rapid growth of the settlement of Shakhunya and the whole of Shakhun District began precisely after 1917 in connection with the construction of the railway; in 1933 Shakhunya received the status of a workers' settlement, and in 1943 that of a town.
Links
- Wikidata (archive) (Q42976 — entry in the free knowledge base)
- GND (4043429-1 — catalog of the German National Library)
Sources
- Wikipedia (ru) — October Revolution (archive)
- statehistory.ru — The October Revolution in Nizhny Novgorod and Moscow, from participants' recollections (archive)