Boris Nestorovich Mogilnitsky (22 February [6 March] 1882, Moscow — 5 November 1955, Moscow) was a pathologist, Doctor of Medical Sciences, professor, Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences (1952), and Honored Scientist of the RSFSR (1943). One of the founders of the Department of Pathological Anatomy in Nizhny Novgorod; the first in the USSR to undertake systematic study of vascular permeability under pathological conditions.[1][3]
Education and Early Career
In 1908 he graduated from the medical faculty of Moscow State University and was retained at the Department of Nervous Diseases.[1] In 1910 he defended his doctoral dissertation.[2] From 1920 he was a professor at the Department of Nervous Diseases of Moscow State University.[2]
Nizhny Novgorod Period
In 1920 Mogilnitsky was elected head of the Department of Pathological Anatomy at Nizhny Novgorod Medical Institute. Together with I. I. Senyutkin, he laid the foundations of the Nizhny Novgorod scientific and pedagogical school of pathological anatomy; the museum of the history of NizhGMA regards him as one of the founders of the Department of Pathological Anatomy of NGU and GMI (1921–1938).[3] He held this position until 1928, after which he returned to Moscow.[1]
Research Activities
From 1928 until the end of his life, Mogilnitsky headed the Department of Experimental Pathology at the Central Research Institute of Roentgenology and Radiology (referred to in some sources as the Moscow Scientific Research Roentgen-Radiological Institute).[1][2] Concurrently, he headed the Department of Pathological Anatomy of the Pediatric Faculty of the 2nd Moscow Medical Institute — from 1931 according to source [1], and from 1933 according to source [2] — and from 1942 to 1946 served as deputy director of that same institute.[1][2]
He published around 200 scholarly works, including 7 monographs. His research encompassed pathology of the autonomic nervous system and its role in the pathogenesis of various diseases (including peptic ulcer disease, co-authored with N. N. Burdenko), the effects of radiant energy on the body and tumor tissue, the theoretical basis of radiotherapy, the morphology and pathogenesis of endocrine diseases, and questions of reactivity and the role of the reticuloendothelial system in the formation of immunity.[1] He demonstrated that capillary membranes and endothelium are biologically active structures that respond sensitively to changes in homeostasis.[1]
Public and Scientific-Organizational Role
From 1946 to 1955 he served as Deputy Chairman of the Academic Council of the Ministry of Health of the RSFSR; from 1949 to 1955 he was a member of the expert commission of the Higher Attestation Commission (VAK); he was a member of the All-Union Society of Pathological Anatomists and of the editorial board of the journal Arkhiv patologii (Archives of Pathology).[1] In 1952 he was elected Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences.[1] He was awarded the Orders of Lenin and of the Red Banner of Labour; the title of Honoured Scientist of the RSFSR was conferred on 19 November 1943.[1][2]
He died on 5 November 1955 and was buried at the Vvedenskoye Cemetery in Moscow.[2]
Sources
- names52.ru — Mogilnitsky Boris Nestorovich
- ruspanteon.ru — Mogilnitsky Boris Nestorovich — Pantheon of Russia
- history.nizhgma.ru — Museum of the History of NizhGMA — View Person